Cervicogenic Headache
Do you suffer from headaches that seem to start in your neck?
Cervicogenic headache is a secondary headache disorder caused by issues in the neck (cervical spine) and the surrounding soft tissues. Unlike migraines or tension-type headaches, cervicogenic headaches originate from musculoskeletal or joint problems in the cervical spine, often involving the upper three neck joints (C1–C3).
What Is a Cervicogenic Headache?
A cervicogenic headache occurs when pain is referred from the neck structures to the head through shared nerve pathways. The pain is usually one-sided, starting in the neck and radiating to the back, front, or side of the head, sometimes reaching the eye or forehead.
These headaches can mimic migraine or tension headaches, which is why proper diagnosis is crucial.
Symptoms of Cervicogenic Headache
Patients often describe:
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Unilateral head pain (always on the same side) in 60%, both sides in 40%
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Pain that starts in the neck and radiates forward
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Stiffness and restricted range of motion in the neck
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Pain aggravated by neck movement or sustained posture
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Associated shoulder or arm discomfort in some cases
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Tenderness in the neck muscles and joints
Unlike migraine, cervicogenic headaches are usually not associated with nausea, light sensitivity, or aura—though some overlap may occur.
Causes and Risk Factors of Cervicogenic headache?
Cervicogenic headache can result from:
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Dysfunction or arthritis in the upper cervical facet joints
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Previous whiplash injury or neck trauma
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Poor posture (desk/computer work, forward head posture) OR "Tech neck"
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Cervical disc disease or instability
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Muscle tension and trigger points in the upper back/neck
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TMJ dysfunction and postural imbalance (often coexisting with neck strain)
How are Cervicogenic Headache diagnosed?
Because CGH mimics other headache types, diagnosis requires a careful medical and musculoskeletal evaluation. This may include:
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A detailed headache and neck pain history
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Physical examination with neck movement tests
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Diagnostic nerve or facet joint blocks to confirm the source
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Imaging (X-ray, MRI, CT) if structural problems are suspected
Treatment Options for Cervicogenic Headache
At Advanced TMJ Maxillofacial Pain & Sleep Center, we use a multimodal, non-surgical approach:
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Trigger point therapy & dry needling – to release tight neck and shoulder muscles
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Joint injections or nerve blocks – to relieve pain and confirm diagnosis
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Low-Level Laser Therapy (Photobiomodulation) – to reduce inflammation and pain
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Pharmacotherapy – anti-inflammatory or neuropathic medications as needed
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Ergonomic and lifestyle coaching – improving work setup, sleep posture, and stress management
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Physical therapy & posture correction –Referral to PT for restore neck alignment and mobility
When should I see a specialist?
If your headaches are persistent, one-sided, and associated with neck pain or stiffness, evaluation by a headache or orofacial pain specialist is recommended.
Takeaway:
Cervicogenic headaches are neck-driven headaches that can mimic other headache types but require specialized evaluation and treatment. Addressing the root cause in the neck—rather than just treating head pain—leads to long-term relief.
